Essay on Oppression In Minorities and Persons With...

When people hear the term oppression, they immediately associate this word with the struggles minorities have endured throughout history. This term does not only apply to the tribulations of various ethnic groups but also to persons with disabilities. Oppression means the use of authority or power in a way that is cruel and unjust. Even though the times have changed, both minorities and persons with disabilities still fight this battle daily to be treated equally. America is one of the most accepting countries in the world, yet one of the most prejudice and oppressive at the same time. Minorities have been oppressed since this country was established. The Native Americans were the first inhabitants of America until the Spanish†¦show more content†¦In earlier years, the Chinese immigrants were welcomed into this country because the United States needed laborers to build the transcontinental railroads (Trublu, 2012). The Japanese were also accepted immigrants in the Unite d States until the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941. After Pearl Harbor was bombed, the United States government rounded up all of the Japanese citizen, regardless if they were American born or Japanese born and sent them to live in concentration camps. These American citizens were stripped of their rights and forced to live in communities where they could be watched by the government (Trublu, 2012). African Americans were kept in bondage even after their freedom was granted. It took approximately 100 years for African Americans to receive rights equal to other American citizens. In the 1600s, Africans were brought to this country to serve as laborers. Africans were worked excessively, murdered, beaten, and sold like animals. By 1789, the United States Constitution recognized African Americans as being three-fifths of a person. Even though the 13th Amendment ended slavery, the 14th Amendments guaranteed rights to all United States citizens, and the 15th Amendment guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race or previous servitude African Americans were still oppressed (Trublu, 2012). African Americans were denied access to establishments and could notShow MoreRelatedHow Does A Person With Disability Fit Into A Multicultural Paradigm?805 Words   |  4 PagesHow does a person with a disability fit into a multicultural paradigm? Do they fit into a multicultural paradigm? What happens when a person with a disability is also a member of another marginalized group? In order to answer these questions and fully understand disabilities in multiculturalism, we will examine how a person with disability fits into a pluralist multicultural paradigm. To begin, we must first have a solid understanding of the pluralist multicultural paradigm. Dupre (2012) statesRead MoreBlindness Research Paper817 Words   |  4 Pages Blindness in the United States: The Oppression of the Visually Impaired in America Madelyn R. Smith Indiana University- Indianapolis â€Æ' The United States has many minority groups that face oppression. In the media today, most of the minority issues that are highlighted involve the LGBTQ community, women, and racial minorities. Differently-abled people are rarely given the space to share with the world how they see it. This literature review will discuss terms related to visual impairmentRead MoreAnalysis Of Minority Effect1355 Words   |  6 PagesThe short film, â€Å"Minority Effect†, explores what it would mean if able-bodiedness was not the norm, but instead if communities were populated with wheelchair users. Compared to popular media, this film used a non-disabled body to contrast to disabled bodies. Usually, disability is mobilized as a plot point to highlight the qualities of able-bodied people. They are never the protagonist and used as a means to reach a lesson. But what is the effect of minoritizing a majority group? Does it achieveRead MoreSociology and Disabilities1187 Words   |  5 Pageshorri ble thing. Many would think it wrong for a parent to not want to give their child the gift of sight. If I had a child that was deaf, I would do everything in my power to help them get their hearing. If the technology was there to fix this disability, why wouldn t anyone want their child to have it? 840 babies are born with a permanent hearing loss every year.(NDCS of UK). This is a horrible number to hear, that so many children will never be able to hear. If there was any technology ableRead MoreDisability Term Paper1491 Words   |  6 PagesINTRO TO SOCIOLOGY 1 Running head: DISABILITY TERM PAPER Disability Term Paper By Jose A. Rosario Student # 700316 Central Texas College For Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for SOCI 1301 Introduction to Sociology Submitted to Dr. Duffy December 7, 2010 INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY 2 INTRODUCTION This paper demonstrates that hitherto sociological analyses of disability have been theoretically and methodologically inadequate. It is written that sociology, in common with the other major contemporaryRead MoreSummary Of Iris Marion Youngs Five Faces Of Oppression1073 Words   |  5 PagesIn Iris Marion Young’s article Five Faces of Oppression, Young explicitly explains that there are five specific factors of oppression that affect many people in their day to day lives. Those five faces are exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, cultural imperialism, and violence. Exploitation is the act towards the usage of labor of a specific social group to benefit another group. Marginalization is commonly the exclusion of people of a third world such as racially marked groups, unemployedRead MoreHearing The Differences Of The Deaf Culture1617 Words   |  7 Pagesin this world who live with a debilitating hearing loss. Hearing loss and deafness is more common than what it’s perceived to be. Hearing individuals may view people with a type of loss as a minority. Every minority group has their story to tell. The Deaf have a very unique story, but they are not a minority group but rather a culture. Carol Paden author of Inside Deaf Culture defines a culture as a group of people that share language, values, rules of behavior, and t raditions. The Deaf culture isRead MorePoverty Is A Growing Problem Around The World With Millions Of People1267 Words   |  6 Pageshousings), and seven percent of residents live in derelict housing (Social Planning Research Council, 2012). This abundance of poverty is structurally maintained through the results of capitalism, the existence of classism, and the effects of oppression. Hamilton is one of the most highly industrialized cities in Canada, with the vast majority of Hamiltonians working as wage laborers. The purpose of capitalism is to create wealth, yet the system that is used to ensure this often serves only toRead MoreFeminism : Waves Of Debates Within Feminism Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism Feminism, in simple terms, refers to a collective desire to end the oppression of women. Because oppression takes various forms and affects those who are victim to it in a number of different, yet often connected ways; feminism should accordingly be regarded as a multifaceted set of movements working towards multiple aims and ends. Which is to say that feminism is less a single movement concerned with the oppression of women, and more a gathering of movements concerned with a number of oppressiveRead MoreDisability Impact Essay876 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of organizations on people with disability In 1972 Coordinating Councils for the Disabled were set up in the four fundamental focuses, Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin and Wellington. As the name proposes, the main reason of these boards was to facilitate the reactions of the different gatherings of and for crippled individuals on issues, for example, training and get to. In 1978 they combined to turned into become the New Zealand Coordinating Council for the Disabled (NZCD) and were before

Labor And Management Of The Industrial Society Essay

ABSTRACT: Labour and management compose an important and integral part of our industrial society. These groups work as pair of opposites and their divergent interests clash at some point or the other. Despite all the emphasis laid by social scientists on the common goal and the virtues of industrial harmony, conflict has become an inherent feature of modern system of production. The problems of industrial conflict are not new. The past has witnessed many intense and sometimes violent disputes. These conflicts arose from the organized efforts of the working people to improve their economic, social and working conditions. In this study an analysis of the relationship between the labour and management, and their occurrence of strikes in the industrial society will be done. The study would also involve the understanding of the instruments used to bargain and negotiate by both the parties. LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND: All industrial strikes or any conflict do not just happen without a trigger. It is used as a powerful weapon by the trade unions and other labour association to get their demands accepted from their employer, government and any other entities that they work for. Workers mainly carry on the strike by collectively quitting and ceasing to work in an industry for the purpose of pressurizing their employers so that their demands are met. According to Industrial Disputes Act 1947, a strike is â€Å"a cessation of work by a body of persons employed in anShow MoreRelatedAssignment on Industrial Relations, Bangladesh1076 Words   |  5 PagesSummary: Industrial relations is used to denote the collective relationships between management and the workers. Traditionally, the term industrial relations is used to cover such aspects of industrial life as trade unionism, collective bargaining, workers’ participation in management, discipline and grievance handling, industrial disputes and interpretation of labor laws and rules and code of conduct. The term industrial relations explain the relationship between employees and management which Read More Two Major Unions in America Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagesthe working conditions of its labor force. These labor force consisted of the men, women, and children that were employed by the owners of industry. Many unions were established in the early 1800s, but due to the widespread fear of socialism and the repression from the courts, the majority of them eventually failed. Most capitalist, at the time, felt there was no need to share with its employees the profits of their businesses (Murrin et al. 2002:685-702). Management, for the most part, paid littleRead MoreThe History of Human Resource Management1460 Words   |  6 PagesThe History of Human Resource Management Human resource management  (HRM, or simply  HR) is the  management  of an  organizations  workforce, or  human resources. It is responsible for the  attraction,  selection,  training,  assessment, and  rewarding  of employees, while also overseeing organizational leadership  and  culture, and ensuring compliance with  employment and labor laws. In circumstances where employees desire and are legally authorized to hold a  collective bargaining agreement, HR will also serveRead MoreImpact Of Industrialization1134 Words   |  5 Pages Impact of Industrialization on American Society Reese Aghayedo HISTORY 1312- 701: United Stated History II September 11, 2017 â€Æ' During late 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century, the United States went through rapid industrialization that drastically changed many aspects of its society. During this era, the United States became the leading industrial capitalist of the world . This also led to tremendous increase in demand for the working-class Americans. Also, advancement inRead MoreApproaches and Theories Regarding Industrial Relations1694 Words   |  7 Pagesapproaches and theories regarding industrial relations today and each one of them have different perspective and approach in resolving the conflict at work place. In order to understand and be able to analyze what are the good industrial relations, there is a need first to understand how the industrial relations are actually defined and what do they refer to. As explained by Barnetson, Lesson note 1, Introduction, â€Å"it is the relations between the labour and management†. This relations in Canadian capitalistRead Moreâ€Å"Indu strial Relations† and â€Å"Human Resource Management† Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and Contrast â€Å"Industrial Relations† and â€Å"Human Resource Management† With the rapid pace of globalization, economic development and the more fierce competition among enterprises, the environment of employment is becoming more and more complex than in the past. The companies, no matter private or state-owned ones, have realized the significance of human resources which is the source of social wealth and plays a decisive role in its creation. The essay is concerned about comparing and contrastingRead MoreThe Science of Management Throughout History Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesManagement Thought Management - is one of the areas of modern economics, aimed at the creation, planning and implementation of development plan for businesses, organizations, and firms in order to maximize the potential profit of the company, creating a sustainable enterprise management system (Drucker, 1993). Management helps companies to achieve a certain goal step-by-step. In order to achieve targets companies demand managers. â€Å"A Manager is the person responsible for planning and directing theRead MoreThe rise and fall of Labor Unions1545 Words   |  7 Pagesrise and fall of labor unions Labor union is an organized association of workers, in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests. During the industrial revolution in Europe there was a rise in new workers without representation in the workplace. In the 19th century the industrial revolution spread to the United States from Europe, this resulted in the economy shifting to manufacturing from agriculture as an economic importance. American societies were increasingRead MoreLabor And The Collective Bargaining Process978 Words   |  4 Pagesprocess are Management but more specifically, the owners and shareholders, executives and managers and the industrial and human resource people. In the collective bargaining process in labor it is the individual employees and the labor unions which represent them. In local, state, and federal government agencies and the public. It is the government agencies that act as representatives of the public interest and are responsible for making pol icies. 2.1 Some basic assumptions about labor and conflictRead MoreEssay on The Effects of Technology on Society1697 Words   |  7 Pagesto civilization from the acid pollution developed by our present Industrial civilization and compares it to the slow disintegration our industrialized society has seemed to have undergone. He identifies effects of technology which have been harmful to the human condition and the environment, but seems to not quite get it about the Luddites: they were not fighting the machines themselves; they were struggling against powers of society that, for the past century, through enclosure and the abolishment

Issue Regarding the Codfishes-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Relate what happened in Canada when the government limited fishing years ago and what happened in the exercise by relating it to the factors in Airely book the honest truth about dishonesty. 2.Write your professional ethical opinion maybe consider yourself as the Government Stakeholders 3.Come up with a theory that give decision making power to fishermen's and think about why penalizing families who inherited big boats and what is the best way to deal with this situation and make sure you follow these rules. Answers: 1.The issue regarding the codfishes are one of the burning topics in the history of Canada. The fishery department is governed by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and implemented necessary policies regarding the same. It has been observed that the major economic as well as the financial growth of Canada is depending on the exportation of the codfishes and the department is engaging itself to reserve the sustainability of the aquatic ecology (Hutchings Post, 2013). The main duty of the government is to implement all the necessary steps and the policies so that the process of sustainable development can be facilitated. Duties have been imposed on the federal government to mandate policies for the protection of the fishery resources and salt water harvesting for the rapid growth of the fishes on the coastal areas of Canada. Prof. Airely has mentioned certain factors in his book Honest Truth about Dishonesty (Ariely, Dan). However, certain rights have also given to the anglers aga inst their rights over the sea property and decision-making powers are being confirmed in favour of them. The department is also liable to look into the matters of overfishing. It has been understand from the above paragraph that the department of fisheries and the Federal government are imposed with certain duties regarding the marine ecology and can implement policies for overfishing to regulate the sustainable development (Bailey et al., 2016). It has been observed that the Canadian Government had adopted many policies to regulate the overfishing and the outcomes of the policies are being discussed in the parliament. The main occupation of the Anglers lived in the East Coastal of Canada depend on the codfishes. For over five hundred years, they are depending on this and it has been observed that the marine ecology is vehemently affected by this. Therefore, in the year 1992, the Canadian Government had implemented certain policies for the protection of the sustainable development (de Kerckhove, Minns Shuter, 2013). The biologists have accepted the limitation prescribed by the Federal government, but certain dilemmas have been cropped up and that has been mentioned below: After the decision of the government, the use of the technologies has been incremented and it creates an adverse effect on the fishes. The radiations emitted from those equipments are harmful for the survival of fishes and a reduction in the cod stock has been observed (McDevitt-Irwin et al., 2015). The second dilemma regarding the decision is the assessment of the codfishes become more difficult and it has been observed that the Canadian fisheries have to face ecological problems. The Codfishes were regarded as the cultural identity for the eastern zone and due to the decision of the government; interference has been made into this. The limitations made by the government have driven the companies towards loss and the economy of that portion was collapsed. Problems have also generated due t o the mismanagement of the governments and the consequences were imposed on the anglers and the related companies (Chopin, 2015). 2.The issue of codfishes is a sensitive matter in Canada and the government is required to take certain ethical steps to deal with the matter. Professional ethics are playing an important role in case of the policy implementation (Dawe Schneider, 2014). The outcome of the policies should be moral and effective for the citizen. The business regarding the codfishes is treated as one of the main industries and the livelihood of the coastal regions are depended on it. If the government has adopted a policy, it should not affect the profession and the emotion of the anglers. The term professional ethics is based on four main pillars such as the honesty, integrity, transparency and obedience to the law (Williams et al., 2014). It is the duty of the government to look into the matters that whether all anglers are abiding by the rules or not. Maintaining the rules could lead towards the integrity of the profession and the standard can possibly be maintained. There is a code relates the ethi cal approaches and conduct namely Fisheries and Oceans Canada Values and Ethics Code and the rules of the said code are mandatory for all the professionals and management. The main intention of the government is to look after the matters and set out plans for the beneficiary use of the rules by the professionals (Hessing, Summerville, 2014). It can be stated that the application of the code includes every categories of persons related to the fisheries. The employees of the fisheries and oceans should adhere to the values and standard of behaviours mentioned under the code. The rules should be treated as a condition for the employment. As the nature of the rules are mandatory, breach of the same should consider as the violation to law and disciplinary action could be taken against them that can lead to the termination of the employment. It is the responsibility of the government to aware the employees regarding the matter. There are certain departmental values based on the professional ethics such as respect for democracy, respect for people, integrity, stewardship and excellence. Maintaining these values will help to take decisions and actions regarding the fishery business. The professionals are required to abide by the rule of law and should be loyal regarding the decisions of the government. The government should respect the anglers and their families and should ensure the dignity of the humankind (Knowles, 2016). The government has mentioned certain rules and the public officers are imposed with certain duties regarding the benefit of the anglers a nd their families. An integrity regarding the profession should be maintained. The public servants are not required to misuse their job and the stakeholders and the officials require commitments (Dawe Schneider, 2014). The government should have to maintain a transparency and fairness regarding the policies and it is the utmost duty of them to look into the matter whether the professionals are maintaining the provisions of the Code or not. It has been mentioned under the Canadian ethics for the fishery profession that the mistakes made by the professionals or the officials should not be cover up in any way. Mistreating others or being aggressive will be treated as the avoidable behaviour. It is important to retain an ethical value within the profession. The governments regarding the expected conduct of the professionals mention certain guidelines. It has been mentioned that all the vehicles or the equipments owned by the government should be used for the official purpose only and s hould not use for personal gain. All the necessary directives should have to maintain by the professionals and it is their duty to retain the confidentiality of the profession. The employees of the Fishery department should be loyal and should respect the clients while serving them the products. These are the professional and ethical duties of the government regarding the fishery related persons and the stakeholders (Favaro Olszynski, 2017). 3.In the continents of Canada, certain powers are also conferred in the hands of the anglers. They can make decision regarding that property. However, in this case, property means the fishery harvesting property and it does not belong to any particular person. In certain circumstances, it has been observed that the water bodies like the rivers are considered to be a private property and it has been observed that particular persons are given the bright to harvest fish in that places. There are two main reasons behind the same. the first one is based on the over population of the fishes and the second one depends on the fencing or protection of the fishes. In the coastal areas of Canada, beach fisheries are regarded as the private property and the respective anglers are confined with certain rights over the property. The idea of the water property has been originated from the conception of Hugo Grotius. His doctrine is popularly known as the freedom of the seas (Favaro, 2016). The righ ts of the anglers can be divided into three parts regarding the land or the water. The powers are power to manage, power to sell or grant and power to take its royalty. For instance, it can be said that the owner of a boat can run the same, use for catching fish and sell it to make profit. However, it should be kept in mind that if the angler will engage him in certain illegal things, his power will not be regarded and he will lose the powers or the rights. The nature of the property can be of different types. If a person holds a lease, he will be treated as freehold owner. A fishing licence is required for the fish harvesting. It has been mentioned that the person may take necessary decisions regarding the business as required over their own property and he will have every right to implement the same for the interest of profit. However, it should be kept in mind that the decisions should be taken for the benefits and not for any illegal gain (Minns, 2015). It has been reported that the government of Canada is imposing penalties on the anglers and their families who inherited big boat. The measurements of boat are governed by certain regulations like the Small Vessel Regulation and the Collision regulation. Boats can be used for many purposes. In case of fisheries, small boats are required and it has been encoded under the code. It has been mentioned that the length of the boat shall not exceed 24.4 m in length and weight up to 150 gross tonnages. Therefore, if someone will buy the big boat, it will be treated as the violation of the norms and as per th e law, he and his families will get certain punishments. In the conclusion part, it can be stated that the rules regarding fishery in Canada is strict in nature and the government has implemented certain policies to promote the standard of sustainable development. However, certain negative impacts have been created due to the policies and it has been observed that the government had failed to save the ecological system rather the anglers and the fishery corporation has to face a number of problems. The Codfishes are considered as the cultural symbol for the East coastal of Canada. However, the government policies are imposing certain restrictions on the fishing and therefore, the livelihood of that coastal zones are suffered for the same. There are certain positive sides also. The government has applied professional ethics and enacted rules for the betterment of the ecological problems and to certain extent; this step has achieved certain success. References: Ariely, Dan.The Honest Truth About Dishonesty. [Place Of Publication Not Identified], Harper, 2014. Bailey, M., Favaro, B., Otto, S. P., Charles, A., Devillers, R., Metaxas, A., ... Duck, T. J. (2016). Canada at a crossroad: The imperative for realigning ocean policy with ocean science.Marine Policy,63, 53-60. Chopin, T. (2015). Marine aquaculture in Canada: well-established monocultures of finfish and shellfish and an emerging Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) approach including seaweeds, other invertebrates, and microbial communities.Fisheries,40(1), 28-31. Dawe, J., Schneider, D. (2014). Consilient knowledge in fisheries: a case study of three species of wolffish (Anarhichadidae) listed under the Canadian Species at Risk Act.Ecology and Society,19(3). de Kerckhove, D. T., Minns, C. K., Shuter, B. J. (2013). The length of environmental review in Canada under the Fisheries Act.Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,70(4), 517-521. Favaro, B., Olszynski, M. (2017). Authorized net losses of fish habitat demonstrate need for improved habitat protection in Canada.Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,74(3), 285-291. Foley, P. (2013). National government responses to Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) fisheries certification: insights from Atlantic Canada.New Political Economy,18(2), 284-307. Hessing, M., Summerville, T. (2014).Canadian natural resource and environmental policy: political economy and public policy. UBC Press. Hutchings, J. A., Post, J. R. (2013). Gutting Canada's Fisheries Act: no fishery, no fish habitat protection.Fisheries,38(11), 497-501. Knowles, V. (2016).Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 15402015. Dundurn. McDevitt-Irwin, J. M., Fuller, S. D., Grant, C., Baum, J. K. (2015). Missing the safety net: evidence for inconsistent and insufficient management of at-risk marine fishes in Canada.Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,72(10), 1596-1608. Williams, R., Ashe, E., Blight, L., Jasny, M., Nowlan, L. (2014). Marine mammals and ocean noise: Future directions and information needs with respect to science, policy and law in Canada.Marine pollution bulletin,86(1), 29-38.

The Red Headed Leagues Essay Example

The Red Headed Leagues Essay As always, it is Holmes that finally manages to deduce how the crime happened and swiftly wants to test his little theory. The use of the word little theory tells us that Holmes believes that this case is not one of great importance or magnificence, only a small affair with, what Holmes thinks is an obvious answer. The Man with the Twisted Lip has a different ending from most of the other Sherlock Holmess books as no one is arrested or blamed for the crime. In this story, it is simply because the crime did not happen and Neville St. Clair was still alive, although he was disguised as Hugh Boone. St. Clair just gets a warning to stop disguising himself as a beggar and then he leaves to go home. This is unusual for a detective story as in the majority of them, an actual crime has happened. In The Five Orange Pips, the culprits of the crime, the Ku Klux Klan, are never brought to justice for the murders they have committed, but, most probably, die on their sinking ship. Another story in which the police are involved in the catching of the criminal is The Red Headed League. This story is set completely in London and at first shows no sign of a crime, when Jabez Wilson comes to see Holmes about the fact his good-paying second job has ended. Nevertheless, Holmes decides to investigate the case, perhaps with a slight suspicion about the considerable pay-off he will ask from the bank. This story shows us of Victorian culture and Holmess love of music, when Holmes and Watson go and see Pablo Sarasate at St. We will write a custom essay sample on The Red Headed Leagues specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Red Headed Leagues specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Red Headed Leagues specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer James Hall. In other Holmes stories, we see Holmes, himself, playing a violin, the instrument Sarasate played. Also, the story is based around the colour of Jabez Wilsons hair, whilst The Five Orange Pips is based around a family. Both crimes appear to have no reason for happening, until later in the story when the crime and the suspects are revealed. In The Five Orange Pips, the identity of the Ku Klux Klan is not revealed until the very last moment, when it is too late for Holmes to save John Openshaw. In The Red-Headed League, the true nature of the crime is not revealed to the audience until the end, and even though Holmes knows sooner than the reader, it is unusual as he cannot realise what is happening until nearer the end of the story. Gypsies are a recurring theme in Sherlock Holmess stories. In Holmes times, they were not thought fondly of, as we know from both The Red-Headed League and The Speckled Band, in which they are called vagabonds. In every story, Holmes uses his amazing powers of deduction to be able to tell something about his clients, and their homes. In The Red-Headed League, he notices the fact that Jabez Wilson has done a lot of writing and that he has been to China. Although the clients are usually astonished at his level of accuracy, he often explains how he came to his conclusion. Holmes sees deduction as a fine art that only a few have the power of, and so often gets vexed when people, such as Jabez Wilson say, I thought at first that you had done something clever, but I see that there was nothing in it, after all. Holmes is a secretive man, and often will not tell Watson how he worked out the case until the end of the story. He will often have worked out how the crime was committed long before he captures the criminal. In The Red-Headed League, he goes to Jabez Wilsons shop and beats the ground outside with his stick two or three times. When Watson asks why he has done this peculiar thing, he simply answers with, My dear doctor, this is a time for observation, not for talk. Watson only finds out that he beat the pavement to find which way the tunnel was leading in the last chapters of the story. In The Red-Headed League, the story involves tunnelling from the pawnbrokers shop to the bank. Jabez Wilson is sent to the Red Headed League so that John Clay can secretly make the tunnel under the ground. The Speckled Band also involves tunnelling, but in that story, the tunnel was through a small vent above the ground. This story also uses accomplices twice: once with Duncan Ross, who leads the Red Headed League; and then with Archie who helps John Clay break into the bank. In The Man with the Twisted Lip, Neville St. Clair uses a Lascar and a Dane to keep his wife out whilst he quickly changes into Hugh Boone, the beggar. Another key part of The Red Headed Leagues plot is the notes, first the one in the newspaper and then the note telling of the disbandment of the League. Notes play a big part in The Five Orange Pips, in which each member of the family of John Openshaw each get a note, with five orange pips, telling them to put the papers on the sundial. Holmes prides himself in knowing nearly everything about everything. In The Red-Headed League, he navigates himself around London without struggle and easily tells Watson the surrounding buildings of Saxe-Coburg Street. In A Scandal in Bohemia, we find out that he keeps an index of people, most of the information he will never need to know. For example, around Irene Adlers profile are the profiles of a Hebrew Rabbi and a commander who wrote about fish. Clay believes himself to be a Royal, though he isnt officially recognised by the Royal Family. He asks to be called Sir and will only cooperate with the police when Peter Jones, sarcastically, says, Well, would you please, sir, march upstairs, where we can get a cab to carry your Highness to the police-station? When Jabez is describing his assistant to Holmes, Holmes already has a very good guess of what crime could be committed. When Jabez comments on a splash of acid on his forehead: Holmes sat up in his chair in considerable excitement. I thought as much, said he. This shows us the excitement that Holmes gets from working something out. Holmes says that deduction is his stimulus, but when he is without that stimulus he resorts to cocaine, cigarettes and pipes to make his brain work. Although Watson constantly tells him about the dangers of this habit, Holmes continues nonetheless.

The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Essay Example

The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Paper â€Å"In the beginning there was the Word, and the Word was ‘Arrrgh! ’†. These famous lines taken from Piraticus 13:7 are the first words you will see in the Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. Many do not know what exactly Pastafarianism is, and so I am here to spread the Word! Pastafarians stand for all that is good, and are against all that is bad. What more could someone ask for? The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, while having existed in secrecy for millions of years only recently came into the mainstream in May of 2005. But what do they stand for, and what exactly are their beliefs? In May of 2005, an open letter to the Kansas School Board from concerned citizen Bobby Henderson sparked the mass intro of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster into our society. Some claimed that the church is purely a thought experiment, satire, illustrating that Intelligent Design is not science, but rather a pseudoscience manufactured by Christians to push Creationism into public schools. But Bobby knew better, and wrote his letter to express his concern. In the words of Bobby Henderson himself, â€Å"With millions, if not thousands, of devout worshippers, the Church of the FSM is widely considered a legitimate religion, even by its opponents – mostly fundamentalist Christians, who have accepted that our God has larger balls than theirs. † A lot of people can’t bring themselves to understand this religion. Before I delve farther into what exactly this religion is, I would like to share what they consider the basic beliefs that they all share. By design, the only dogma allowed in the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster is that there is no dogma allowed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There are absolutely no strict rules and regulations, there are no written rituals and prayers that must be abided by, and every single member gets a say in what the Church is and what it becomes. Due to this, the religion is actually quite difficult to clearly define what the religion is. According to them, they have a set of general beliefs that are as follows. First, they believe that pirates, the original pastafarians, were simply peaceful explorers and that due to Christian misinformation, they received an outlook of outcast criminals. To them, this is completely untrue. Next, they are extremely fond of beer and other alcoholic beverages. To them, this is basically the equivalent of holy water. Every single Friday is a religious holiday and is to be treated as such. Another belief is that they should never take themselves too seriously. This religion wasn’t founded by a group of â€Å"uptight† individuals. Finally, they embrace contradictions. These aforementioned aspects are considered the core beliefs of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. The central belief is that an invisible and undetectable Flying Spaghetti Monster created the  universe  after drinking heavily. According to these beliefs, the Monsters intoxication was the cause for a flawed  Earth. Furthermore, according to Pastafarianism, all evidence for evolution was planted by the Flying Spaghetti Monster in an effort to test Pastafarians faith—parodying certain  biblical literalists. When scientific measurements such as  radiocarbon dating  are taken, the Flying Spaghetti Monster is there changing the results with His Noodly Appendage. The Pastafarian conception of  Heaven  includes a  beer  volcano and a  stripper  factory. The Pastafarian  Hell  is similar, except that the beer is stale and the strippers have  sexually transmitted diseases. According to Pastafarian beliefs,  pirates  are absolute divine beings and the original Pastafarians. Furthermore, Pastafarians believe that pirates image as thieves and outcasts is misinformation spread by Christian theologians in the  Middle Ages  and by  Hare Krishna’s. Instead, Pastafarians believe that they were peace-loving explorers and spreaders of good will who distributed candy to small children, adding that modern pirates are in no way similar to the fun-loving buccaneers from history. In addition, Pastafarians believe that ghost pirates are responsible for all of the mysteriously lost ships and planes of the  Bermuda Triangle. Pastafarians celebrate  International Talk like a Pirate Day on September 19th. The inclusion of pirates in Pastafarianism was part of Hendersons original letter to the Kansas State Board of Education, in an effort to illustrate that†correlation does not imply causation†. Henderson presented the argument that global warming, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other natural disasters  are a direct effect of the shrinking numbers of pirates since the 1800s.   A chart accompanying the letter shows that as the number of pirates decreased, global temperatures increased. This parodies the suggestion from some religious groups that the high numbers of disasters, famines and wars in the world is due to the lack of respect and worship towards their deity. In 2008, Henderson interpreted the growing pirate activities at the  Gulf of Ade n  as additional support, pointing out that  Somalia  has the highest number of pirates and  the lowest  carbon emissions  of any country. There are 7 occurrences of celebration within the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. The first is Pastover, in which pastafarians around the world are encouraged to eat copious amounts of pasta which is cooked â€Å"in his image† by family members dressed as pirates. A common practice on this day is the passing of the eye patch, in which each family member takes turn wearing the eye patch and explains why he/she is happy to have been â€Å"touched by his noodly appendages†. Next is Ramendan, in which pastafarians are encouraged to eat only ramen noodles and remember their times of eating quality pasta. Then there’s Halloween, a time of remembrance of when Pirates walked the earth freely. A little known fact is that pirates were well known for passing out candy on this day but the practice dwindled as they became more and more persecuted. Next, on September 19th, is International Talk like a Pirate Day, in which pastafarians everywhere are encouraged to return to their pirate ancestor’s native tongue. Another important holiday is Friday. Every Friday, to be exact, is a holiday to the Pastafarians. On this day, they are to pay homage to their beer volcanoes and stripper factories. Finally is Holiday, which basically covers all the commercial holidays. To be a world religion, there are seven things that generally must be met. The first is the experiential aspect in which you look at what that started it all. Although the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster has existed for â€Å"millions, if not thousands† of years, the main point that brought it into the mainstream was Bobby Henderson’s letter to the Kansas School Board expressing his concern about their denial of his alternative theory. From that point on, Pastafarianism exploded into the mainstream, and since then it has only expanded and grown. In fact, according to them, you don’t even have to actually believe in the FSM to be a member. In their own words, â€Å"For the same reason that many in other religions don’t literally believe their scripture, you can be a Pastafarian without being a True Believer of our scripture. In other words, do you know Christians who don’t take the Bible literally – but who consider themselves True Christians, nonetheless? So do I. In fact, True Belief is not often a requirement of religion. Most religions are comprised of a group of people with similar – but not exact – world views. Pastafarianism is no different in that regard. † Next is the aspect involving myth. Here, we examine the storied that aren’t necessarily true scientifically, but convey important truths about life. One example of this is the FSM story of creationism. The story begins with the creation of the universe by an invisible and undetectable Flying Spaghetti Monster. On the first day, the Flying Spaghetti Monster separated the water from the heavens; on the second, because He could not tread water for long and had grown tired of flying, He created the land—complemented by a beer volcano. Satisfied, the Flying Spaghetti Monster overindulged in beer from the beer volcano and woke up hung over. Between drunken nights and clumsy afternoons, the Flying Spaghetti Monster produced seas and land for a second time, accidentally, because he forgot that he created it the day before along with Heaven and a midget, which he named Man. Man and an equally short woman lived happily in the Olive Garden of Eden for some time until the Flying Spaghetti Monster caused a global flood in a cooking accident. This gives us a clear and understandable way to interpret how something as large as the Earth was made. Next is Doctrinal, which involve creeds, gospels, and things of that nature. One way in which the Church of the FSM meets this standard is in its adaptation of the 10 commandments. This gives the pastafarians a clear list of things to do in order to get into Heaven. The story goes that Captain Mosey ascended Mount Salsa and received 10 pieces of advice from the Flying Spaghetti Monster. These pieces of advice are contained in the book known as â€Å"The Eight ‘I’d Really Rather You Didn’ts. † The reason there are only eight is due to the fact that on the way back down from Mount Salsa, Captain Mosey ropped two of them. This event partly accounts for Pastafarians flimsy moral standards. The Flying Spaghetti Monsters commandments address worship of Him, the treatment of people of other faiths, sexual conduct, and nutrition. The fourth aspect is ethical. In this, we examine what the religion says is good or bad. Here, we can again look at the wonderful story of Captain Mosey. Again referring to the â€Å"Eight I’d Really Rather You Didn’ts†, we can get a better picture of their moral code. The first says that they are not to â€Å"act like sanctimonious holier-than-thou people when talking about His Holy Goodness. He goes on to say that if someone doesn’t believe in Him, it is okay. The second says not to use His Noodly Goodness as a means to oppress others. In His words, â€Å"Purity is for drinking water, not people†. Third, he talks about not judging people for the way they look, talk, dress, or choose to live their life. If they want to engage in homosexual relations, let them. â€Å"One is not better than the other, unless were talking about fashion and Im sorry, but I gave that to women and some guys who know the difference between teal and fuchsia. I am not going to go over all eight of them in this paper, but the point is that they do indeed have a set of commandments much like another well-known religion. Next is ritual, in which we look at the varying rituals involved in the Church of the FSM. Actually, there are no mandatory religions involved in the Church of the FSM. However, there are rituals that are encouraged to be practiced during events such as holidays. One o f which I mentioned earlier, in which the passing of the eye patch takes place. Here, each member of the family takes turns wearing the holy eye patch and sharing why he or she is blessed to have been touched by His Noodly Appendages. The fifth aspect is the social aspect. Here, we look at the communities involved within the religion. The Church of the FSM does not have a set, established church anywhere. Instead, they believe that the Earth is their â€Å"church† and that wherever they happen to meet is okay with them, as many of them are â€Å"too lazy to be bothered to get up at seven in the morning and go to some building to be told what to believe†. They do however hold things uch as parades in order to unite together as â€Å"one under His Noodly Appendages†. Finally, there is the material aspect. In the Church of the FSM, one of the Eight I’d Really Rather You Didn’ts is that they are not to spend billions of dollars erecting statues, cathedrals, and other items of worship when the money could go to â€Å"stopping world hunger, healing the sick, helping the homeless, and lowering the cost of cable. † However, there are many pieces of art created by a slew of talented ten year olds that serve to allow His Noodly Appendages to continue to touch those around us for millions of years to come. As we can see, this religion has actually had a huge impact on our society since it went mainstream in 2005. People all over the world are changing to better serve his Holy Goodness and help those around them. If you look at the Church as a whole, not one death has occurred due to it, and â€Å"certainly no wars and slaughters were caused by it, much like another religion†. The FSM has allowed us to take a step back and look at what we believe in, and determine what actually makes sense. By creating a religion completely based off of one guy’s imagination and determination for people to open their eyes and look at what they preach, the Church of the FSM has helped many to become better people, and it will continue to do so throughout the years as more and more people become aware of his Noodly Goodness. Works Cited 1. www. venganza. org. 2. The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster. Author: Bobby Henderson Published: 2005. 3. http://politics. gather. com/viewArticle. action? articleId=281474976877085 4. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/The_Gospel_of_the_Flying_Spaghetti_Monster#Pastafarian_Creation_Myth

Ge Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers, Book Reports

Ge Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers, Book Reports Ge Gesundheit ist ein Zustand eines lebenden Krpers, die nicht von einer Krankheit behaftet. Wenn wir gesund sind, keiner von uns oder nach einem feinen Kopf, Augen, Nase, Mund oder Rachen. Erst wenn der Hals uns weh tut und wir Angina haben, werden wir erkennen, dass wir viele andere Stellen haben ohne die wir nicht existieren. Die Tatsache, dass wir eine Hand, Arm, Herz und Lunge zu fhlen, wenn wir verletzt sind. Gesundheit ist fr jeden von uns ist die wichtigste Sache der Welt. Jeder von uns sollte Sie geschtzt und gepflegt werden. Der Frhling beginnt und unser Krper ist anfllig fr Krankheiten. Bei Temperaturen unter Null Klte kann Vitamin-Verlust, Neigung zu Krankheiten wie Grippe, Mandelentzndung und Erkltungen verursachen. Hufige Erkrankungen durch Stress verursacht. Ich lebe oft krank. Ich habe eine schwache Immunitt, auch wenn ich gesund leben. Gegen diese Krankheiten hilft es mir Obst und Gemse zu essen, warm zu kleiden und zu schlucken Vitamine. Also ich glaube, ich bin genug fr Ihre Gesundheit zu tun. Auch wenn ich regelmig bewegen, oft muss ich rztliche Hilfe suchen. Im Wartezimmer dauert es ewig. Doktor im Bro sagen, was mich strt, was weh tut, und ich habe Symptome. Der Arzt wird die Krankheit und Medikamente verschreiben zu bestimmen, die ich brauche in der Apotheke abholen. Wenn, ich muss wirklich eine Operation haben. Wenn, ich krank bin ich nach Hause und gehen nicht zur Schule. Ich habe im Bett zu bleiben und trinken viel Tee. Wenn, ich nicht lese ich die Temperatur oder Arbeit am Computer. Ich wei, dass jede Krankheit klettern muss. Ich hasse lange im Bett liegen krank. Jeder Brger der Slowakischen Republik zahlt fr die Krankenversicherung. Kinder, Studenten und Rentner vom Staat bezahlt werden. Als Ergebnis sind das Gesundheitswesen billiger. Jeder kann auch einen privaten Arzt oder einer Klinik whlen. Aber es gibt mehr gltig. Private Kliniken bieten in der Regel eine bessere Betreuung durch eine bessere Ausrstung. Das Warten ist nicht so lang. Dringende medizinische Behandlung kann Leben retten. Gegen bestimmte Probleme schnell genug sparen, muss es langfristig sein. Sie sind psychische Erkrankungen wie Depressionen oder Essstrungen. Sie sind oft nicht sichtbar. Deshalb ist die schlechteste. Diese Krankheiten knnen tdlich sein, wenn sie nicht rechtzeitig eingreifen. Psychische Gesundheit ist fr die krperliche Gesundheit von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Daher Pflege ausgelst getroffen werden mssen.

Sport and Recreation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sport and Recreation Management - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the modern world is alive to the fact that work is the key to economic, social, physical, and spiritual well-being. However, even as people focus on their works and relevant activities, they appreciate the significance of free time, recreational time, and leisure time in their endeavors. Indeed, there is a common assertion in the modern world that all work with no play makes Jack a dull boy that advocates for leisure time. Ideally, we can define leisure at any time that an individual spends away from work, entrepreneurship, maintenance activities, family activities, and academic activities. While defining leisure, we refer to time, which includes nondiscretionary time, working time, and leisure time where leisure is discretionary time. Worth noting is that all activities done during leisure time must be necessary and chosen at free will by individuals. In fact, there is a distinction between leisure and unavoidable activities with resp ect to the motive of any activity. More so, there is a difference between leisure and free time since some factors as social pressures may coerce individuals to engage in leisure activities. For instance, the need to keep up with the economic developments achieved by our colleagues may force one to spend leisure time in activities aimed at deriving economic value. In most cases, leisure time comes in small quantities during weekdays where different individuals and countries have diverse opinions on the value of leisure time. In America, many individuals have about 35 to 40 hours of leisure per week. The most common concept of leisure is social leisure that relates to actions pursued in a social setup since the social institution recognizes the significance of leisure. Different social settings determine the time available for leisure where some societies have individuals who value work more than any leisure activity hence deriving little leisure time. In most cases, women have less leisure time compared to men with respect to all leisure components. Ideally, the basic components of leisure include catering, visitor attractions, children’s play activities, sport and physical recreation activities, home-based leisure, countryside recreation activities as well as arts and entertainment.

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Economics - Essay Example It is imperative to consider ventures that operate under the minimum dictated scales are not fit to operate in a highly competitive business environment. In summary, Bateman and Chang conclude that the microfinance policy makers fail largely fails in the establishment of registering the vital significance of minimum proficient scales. The financial sector such as the capital markets, banks as well as the micro-finance sectors falls short of supporting long term investments financing for development. The small firms are responsible for the lion’s share of the employment percentages have relentlessly partial access to monetary resources. The rural areas that contain the highest impending potentials for uplifting the low income earners from poverty, these groups are entirely cut off from numerous financing mechanisms. The point of views of the policy-makers is that they necessitate the construction of localized financial schemes densely dominated by the MFIs that establishes more micro-enterprises in a short term period. Microfinance faction row over the fact that collections that include the smallest associations and they are the basic foundations for prolonged enlargement. There is a growing issue that speculates that Africa does not have a confrontational basis regarding the micro-finance policies. The main problem in this case scenario is the fact that the least productive subsistence farms were all have ease to obtain a micro-loan. An increase in the output was not an adequate amount to repay the lump sum accrued interest rates. The micro-finance representation takes no notice of the fallacies of composition. In that, the micro-finance guiding principles make unreasonable mistakes in the times of dealing with paucity in third world countries in the assumption that there are no local demand constraints. In addition, local economies have the elasticity to actively produce and absorb unlimited figures of unemployed individuals through the expansion of loc al business endeavors. Supply is directly proportional to demand and this defines the motivation for the micro-finance institutions to continually deny the small and medium projects the necessary money to cater for their heightened and unrelenting maintenance. The reality is that the budding countries have cost-cutting measures saturated with simplified informal micro-enterprises for a long time. The depiction of the micro-finances also aids in the de-industrialization and infantilizing the restricted economies. Entrepreneurship studies and theories within institutional economics illustrate that it is the establishment of creative, new, technically innovative associations and ideas that provides solutions in fiscal maturity. In this revelation, the third world countries could do with mastering key technologies so as to better apprehend state of the art processes and industrial goods. In comparison, the local micro-enterprises apply simple trading, service and retail operations with minute manufacture-based procedures that have the opportunity to append value. It is noticeable that the institutions enforce courses of action and this means the diminutive businesses are at a loss as they are not capable of handling the high levels of technology that keeps on advancing with each day dawn. Keeping up with these challenges formulates difficulties and complexities in terms of financial upkeep and preservation of the systems.

Nclex ; Hesi Practice Tests Essay Example for Free

Nclex ; Hesi Practice Tests Essay Denial B. Anger C. Bargaining D. Rejection 2. Which of the following matches the definition: covering up a weakness by stressing a desirable or stronger trait? A. Compensation B. Projection C. Rationalization D. Dysphoria 3. Which of the following waveforms is most commonly found with light sleepers? A. Theta B. Alpha C. Beta D. Zeta 4. Which of the following months matches with an infant first having the ability to sit-up independently? A. 4 months B. 6 months C. 8 months D. 10 months 5. Object permanence for toddlers develops in this age range? A. 5-10 months B. 10-14 months C. 12-24 months D. 15-24 months 6. Which of the following matches the definition: attributing of our own unwanted trait onto another person? A. Compensation B. Projection C. Rationalization D. Dysphoria 7. Which of the following matches the definition: the justification of behaviors using reason other than the real reason? A. Compensation B. Projection C. Rationalization D. Dysphoria 8. Which of the following matches the definition: response to severe emotion stress resulting in involuntary disturbance of physical functions? A. Conversion disorder B. Depressive reaction C. Bipolar disorder D. Alzheimers disease 9. Which of the following waveforms is most commonly found when you are awake? A. Theta B. Alpha C. Beta D. Zeta 10. The REM sleep cycle occur approximately every ____ minutes? A. 45 B. 60 C. 75 D. 90 11. Which of the following reflexes is not found at birth? A. Babinski B. Palmar C. Moro D. Flexion 12. Parallel play for toddlers develops in this age range? A. 5-10 months B. 10-14 months C. 12-24 months D. 24-48 months 13. Which of the following is not a sign of anxiety? A. Dyspnea B. Hyperventilation C. Moist mouth D. GI symptoms 14. Which of the following best describes a person that is completely awake falling asleep spontaneously? A. Cataplexy B. Narcolepsy C. Transitional sleep D. REM absence 15. Which of the following best describes a person that is unable to tell you were there hand or foot is? A. Autotopagnosia B. Cataplexy C. Ergophobia D. Anosognosia 16. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a panic disorder? A. Nausea B. Excessive perspiration C. Urination D. Chest pain 17. Which of the following categories would a 70 year old adult be placed in? A. Intimacy vs. Isolation B. Generativitiy vs. Stagnation C. Integrity vs. Despair D. Longevity vs. Guilt 18. Which of the following categories would a 60 year old adult be placed in? A. Intimacy vs. Isolation B. Generativitiy vs. Stagnation C. Integrity vs. Despair D. Longevity vs. Guilt 19. Which of the following categories would a 20 year old adult be placed in? A. Intimacy vs. Isolation B. Generativitiy vs. Stagnation C. Integrity vs. Despair D. Longevity

Effect of Stigma on Mental Health

Effect of Stigma on Mental Health From thousands of years, debate has been going on among practitioners how to treat mental illness. Several modifications have been done from burning, chaining, locking them in homes and drilling their heads to unchaining and treating them like humans (Foerschner, 2010). But the nurses who work in mental health setting still face the problems in delivering care in a stigma free environment in order to promote the health of mentally ill patients (Stuart, 2009). For such mentally ill clients we need to accept their behavior rather than stigmatization (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003). Stigma is a â€Å"collection of negative attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, and behaviors that influence the individual, or the general public, to fear, reject, avoid, be prejudiced, and discriminate people† (Gary, 2005). The reason behind selection of this topic is that to accepting mentally ill patient with the intention of promoting their health. In West, stigma to mental illness is properly recognized, equally managed and prevented. Yet, in Eastern cultures, being mentally ill is still seen as a mark of dishonor for family, mental health patients are still stigmatized and socially isolated and supposed as being haunted by evil spirit or jinn (Naeem, Ayub, Javed, Irfan, Haral Kingdon, 2006). Additionally, mental health is considered to be the most avoided field in Pakistan due to the stigma attached to it (Qasim, 2012). Not so long I have being in psychiatric setting where we all were sitting in cafà © having our break together, suddenly a man in brown traditional clothes with leather jacket wearing black goggles ask one of our colleague if he want some tea? he answered â€Å"no†, that person sat on nearby table and ask waiter to bring one zinger burger. While noting his getup which was not according to weather and unusual behavior, my colleague abruptly ask our faculty â€Å"Ma’am is he mad or what? After hearing those words that patient suddenly pushes his chair and leaves the cafà ©.† This is how people unintentionally target psychiatric patient by hitting their self-esteem rather accepting them as a part of society and understand there awkward behavior as a part of their illness. In a society stigma marks a boundary between â€Å"normal† and â€Å"outsider,† and between â€Å"us† and â€Å"them† (Link Phelan, 2001). Question is how we can break this boundary of discrimination which is causing barrier to recovery of mentally ill clients? The case scenario will now be analyzed on a social cognitive model explains how public and self stigma are formed and maintained. There are 3 components that structure this model are: stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination. Social psychologists see stereotypes as information learned by society (Augoustinos, Ahrens, Innes, 1994; Esses, Haddock, Zanna, 1994; Hilton von Hippel, 1996; Judd Park, 1993; Krueger, 1996; Mullen, Rozell, Johnson, 1996). Without thinking we quickly create expectation and impression of people who fit in to a stereotyped group, (Hamilton Sherman, 1994) just like my colleague label that person as ‘mad’. Prejudice endorse people may show a negative reactions by supporting their learned negative stereotype. (Devine, 1988, 1989, 1995; Hilton von Hippel, 1996; Krueger, 1996). Prejudice may lead to discriminatory behavior (Weiner, 1995) just like my colleague discriminate that person as one who is not following societal norms and discriminate his behavior from normal to abnormal (for social cognitive model refer appendix fig 1.). Being stigmatized has several harmful effects on the individual, the immediate family and the community too. At first in the name of honor or embarrassment, the individual and family doesn’t reach the health care provider for treatment options. It also cause non-adherence to effective treatment regimen. Self stigma is another effect resulting in low self esteem, negative self perception and self care when a person internalizes the discriminatory behavior and societal stigmatizing attitude. Lastly stigma has also affects the attitude of health care provider. Study has shown that in hospital setting nurses display punishing attitude and use unacceptable manner for treating them, like unnecessarily retraining them (Pinto-Foltz Logsdon, 2009). To reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health disorders the largest ever program was launched in England on Jan 21, 2009, called Time to Change. By referring social cognitive model this program aims to show that change is possible that would bring hope to people who are deleteriously exhausted by discrimination (refer appendix fig 2.) (Henderson Thornicroft). A few procedures for stigma decrease are accounted in the literature. These interventions and techniques might be used at diverse levels: the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational/institutional, group, and governmental/structural (McLeroy et al, 1988; Richard et al, 1996). Firstly, intrapersonal level has always remained a primary focus to change the behavior of an individual. Interventions are done to change the individual’s knowledge, behavior, attitude, self concept, enhancing self esteem, coping skills, strengthening, and financial support. We can carry out these interventions via indiv idual counseling or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Self help advocacy and support groups (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). Secondly, intervention at interpersonal level deals with the impact of social gathering and social support on the health of mentally ill client. The interpersonal environment of the patient includes their family, friends and work environment. They intend to build connections between patient and his/her interpersonal environment in order to restore or promote their health. This could be carry out through Care and support by family, Home care teams, and Community-based rehabilitation (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). Furthermore, the organizational level also being used in order to change the perception of public towards stigma and its effect on individual. This could be accomplished through training programs and institutional changes which increase knowledge of the disease and effect of stigma on the lives of mentally ill clients (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2 006). Additionally stigma reduction can be intervene at community level whose aim is to increase knowledge about mental illness and stigma attached to it. For stigma reduction campaign, education is often used as a first step and it may combine with the other strategies as well. Educational interventions may include presentations, discussions, simulations, audiotapes, and movies, focusing specific populations (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). Lastly, on governmental level work can be carried out in order to structure such policy which aims to protect the rights of the people who are suffering from stigmatizing illness (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). The World Health Organization (WHO) argued that ‘policies on discrimination, access to prevention and care, confidentiality of care and individual’s rights can make a significant impact’ (2002). In Conclusion it is recommended that client’s dignity and safety should remain paramount at all times. To break the chain of stigma the social cognitive model should be vigilantly applied in psychiatric setting. Patient-centred approach is required, which starts with intrapersonal level, which gives power to affected person to development self esteem and stigma reduction related programs at other levels. â€Å"There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so† (Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 2 Scene 2).

Determining the Mole Ratios in a Chemical Reaction Essay

The purpose of this lab was to determine the mole ratios of the reactants hypochlorite ion (OCI ) and thiosulfate (S O ) when reacted in a chemical reaction. A chemical equation gives the mole ratios of the reactants and products involved in the chemical reaction. When some formulas of the products are not known, experimental measurements can be made to determine those ratios. During this reaction, hypochlorite ions oxidize the thiosulfate ions according to the unbalanced and incomplete reaction below. A OCI + B S O products The reactions are all exothermic, so the heat produced will be directly proportional to the amount of reaction that occurs. There’s an objective of this experiment and its †¢Measure the enthalpy change of a series of reactions †¢Determine the stoichiometry of an oxidation-reduction reaction in which the reactants are known but the products are unknown Materials †¢Lab Quest †¢Lab Quest App †¢Temp. Probe †¢Two 10mL graduated cylinders †¢Two 25mL graduated cylinders †¢Two 50 mL graduated cylinders †¢Three 250mL beakers †¢0.50 M sodium hypochlorite, NaOCI †¢0.50 M sodium thiosulfate, Na S O †¢0.2 M sodium hydroxide, NaOH †¢Styrofoam Cups Procedure Submitted as the carbon-less copy of the pre-lab outline (see attached) Results and Discussion During this experiment we first, prepared the solutions of the reactants in which the concentrations are known. Second, we mixed the solutions a number of times using different ratios of reactants. Third, the change of temperature is the property that needs to be measured. All the reactions are all exothermic, so heat that’s produced will be directly proportional to the amount of reaction that occurs. The experiment was designed so that the volume of solution is a constant for all measurements, the temperature change will also be proportional to the quantity of reactants consumed. The total number of moles of reactants is also kept a constant for the series of measurements. Considering that each measurement is made with a different mole ratio of reactants. The optimum ratio (determined after the results of the trials are graphed) is the stoichiometric ratio in the equation, which concludes that it should consume the greatest amount of reactants, form the greatest amount of products, and generate the most heat and maximum temperature change.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Law Essay

Introduction Our assigned topic deals with a phenomenon that has taken the corporate world by storm rather recently, particularly in Pakistan. It entails the dilemma that every corporation faces when they have to make decisions regarding the firm’s profitability and their corporation’s social responsibility. The term â€Å"corporate social responsibility† came into common use in the late 1960s and early 1970s after many multinational corporations formed the term stakeholder, meaning those on whom an organization’s activities have an impact. It was used to describe corporate owners beyond shareholders. The field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has developed exponentially in the last decade. Nevertheless, there remains a lingering debate about the legitimacy and value of corporate reaction to CSR concerns. There are different views of the function of the firm in society and disagreement as to whether wealth maximization should be the sole goal of a corporation. An escalating number of shareholders, analysts, regulators, activists, labor unions, employees, community organizations, and news media are asking companies to be accountable for an ever-changing set of CSR issues. There is rising demand for transparency and growing expectations that corporations measure, report, and continuously improve their social, environmental, and economic performance. According to Business for Social Responsibility (BSR), corporate social responsibility is defined as â€Å"achieving commercial success in ways that honor ethical values and respect people, communities, and the natural environment.† Each company is at variance in how it implements corporate social responsibility, if it does so at all. The differences depend on such factors as any particular company’s size, the particular industry involved, the firm’s business culture, stakeholder demands, and how historically progressive the company is in engaging CSR. Some companies focus on a single area, which is regarded as the most important for them or where they have the highest impact or vulnerability—human rights or the environment, for example—while there are others who endeavor to incorporate CSR in each and every one facet of their operations. For successful execution, it is fundamental that the CSR principles are part of the corporations’ values and strategic planning, and that the management and employees, both are committed to them. Furthermore, it is important that the CSR strategy is aligned with the company’s specific corporate objectives and core competencies. As CSR comes into contact with many of the problems conventionally addressed by government, like human rights and community investing, there is strong censure that societal problems are best solved by freely elected government bodies as the resources of a corporation are poorly matched for addressing those social problems, and therefore, it is argued, they should not be misallocated. According to Friedman (1970), in a free society, â€Å"there is one and only one social responsibility of business—to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open and free competition without deception or fraud.† The idea is that the state should address social problems, supported by the argument that an executive, by taking money and resources that would otherwise go to owners, employees, and costumers, and allocating them according to the will of the minority, and will fail to serve the interests of her or his principal. In this way, the executive imposes a tax and spends the proceeds for â€Å"social† purposes, which is insupportable, since she or he has neither the skills nor the jurisdiction to do so. On the other hand, there are many demands by others for corporate adoption of the CSR principles. Although the government is chiefly responsible for addressing those issues, the contribution of private firms can be substantial. There is also the argument of the shifting balance of power. According to the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), of the 100 largest global economies, as indicated by their respective GDP, 51 of them are US corporations, and only 49 are nation states. So economic supremacy has shifted to the corporations; they, therefore, should have an increasing role in and accountability for addressing social problems. For example, the government sets the regulations and the minimum standards for the workplace, but a company can further improve the work environment and the quality of living of its employees. A firm cannot stay oblivious to the problems of the environment in which it functions. The poverty of a nation state’s citizens, political unrest, and the exhaustion of natural resources can have destructive effects for a corporation. For example, resources that are inputs in the production process and which, at the foundation of the industrial revolution, were plentiful are now scarce, polluted, or diminishing in many regions of the entire planet. As one would expect, this imposes an extra cost to the corporations and may force them to reposition or to cease operations. From one perspective, companies may be poorly equipped to address some of the social or environmental problems, but from another perspective, no matter how poorly equipped, companies may still be best positioned to improve the problems. Undoubtedly, adopting the CSR principles involves costs. These costs might be short term in nature or continuous outflows. They may involve the purchase of new environmentally friendly equipment, the change of management structures, or the implementation of stricter quality controls. Since being socially responsible involves incurring costs, it should generate benefits as well in order to be a sustainable business practice. A corporation could not continue a policy that constantly generates negative cash flows. The shareholders invest their money in a corporation, expecting the highest possible risk adjusted return. Therefore, being socially responsible should have bottom-line benefits in order to be sustainable. Socially responsible corporate performance can be associated with a series of benefits with the final outcome. But in a lot of cases, it seems that the time frame of the costs and benefits can be out of alignment—the costs are in the near future, whereas the benefits are not often realized until long periods of time have lapsed. Nevertheless, many benefits can be identified. Firstly, socially responsible companies have enhanced brand image and reputation. Consumers are often attracted towards brands and companies with good reputations in CSR related issues. Therefore, a corporation’s brand equity is automatically enhanced. A company regarded as socially responsible can also benefit from its reputation within the business community by having increased ability to attract capital and trading partners. However, reputation is hard to quantify and measure; it is even harder to measure how much it increases a company’s value. But since companies have developed methods to measure the benefits of their advertisement campaigns, similar methods can and should be able to be applied in the case of corporate reputation. Socially responsible companies also have less risk of negative rare events. Furthermore, companies that adopt the CSR principles are more transparent and have less risk of bribery and corruption. In addition, they may execute stricter and, thus, more costly quality and environmental controls, but they run less risk of having to bear in mind defective product lines and pay heavy fines for excessive polluting. They also have less risk of negative social events which damage their reputation and cost millions of dollars in information and advertising campaigns. The scandals about child–labor and sweatshops that affect the clothing industry are two fine examples. Thus, socially responsible businesses should have more stable earnings growth and less downside volatility. Since companies that adopt the CSR principles carry less risk, when valuing those companies, a lower discount rate should be used. In the company valuation this lower tail risk should be taken into account. There are also other cases in which doing what is good and responsible converges with doing the best for the particular business. Some CSR initiatives can dramatically reduce operating costs. For example, reducing packaging material or planning the optimum route for delivery trucks not only reduces the environmental impact of a company’s operation, but it also reduces the cost. The process of adopting the CSR principles induces executives to reconsider their business practices and to seek more efficient ways of operating. Companies perceived to have a strong CSR commitment often have an improved ability to attract and to retain employees (Turban & Greening 1997), which leads to reduced turnover, recruitment, and training costs. Employees, too, often evaluate their companies CSR performance to determine if their personal values conflict with those of the businesses at which they work. There are many known cases in which employees were asked, under pressure of their supervisors, to overlook written or moral laws in order to achieve higher profits. These practices create a culture of fear in the workplace and harm the employees’ trust, loyalty, and commitment to the company. Companies that improve working conditions and labor practices also experience increased productivity and reduced error rates. Regular controls in the production facilities throughout the world ensure that all the employees work under good conditions and earn living wages. These practices are costly, but the increased productivity of the workers and improved quality of the products generate positive cash flows that cover the associated costs. Thus, firms may actually benefit from socially responsible actions in terms of employee morale and productivity (Moskowitz, 1972). Literature review CSP is a global concept that encompasses those of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Social Responsiveness. It provides a coherent framework to explore business-society relationships by looking at the social impact of corporations with business criteria of performance measurement, such as quality, efficacy, effectiveness, innovation (Carroll, 1991; Wood, 1991). The challenge for corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developing countries is framed by a vision that was distilled in 2000 into the Millennium Development Goals—‘a world with less poverty, hunger and disease, greater survival prospects for mothers and their infants, better educated children, equal opportunities for women, and a healthier environment’ (UN, 2006: 3). The penetration of the social realm into corporate strategy has gathered momentum in the last years. The movement for CSR has â€Å"won the battle of ideas† (Crook 2005). By now, most well managed companies have adopted th e practices and certifications mandatory in their industries, having gone through what Zadek (2004) calls the â€Å"defensive† and the â€Å"compliance† stages of CSR. Managing the social and environmental footprint of economic activity is generally accepted as part of the cost of doing business. But much remains to be done. If companies are to move their CSR activities from satisfying behavior and take their commitment to society and the environment to the next level, they will need to rethink their current approaches to CSR, tapping into the creativity of every individual. CSE, like all entrepreneurship, is not about managing existing operations or CSR programs; it is about creating disruptive change in the pursuit of new opportunities. It combines the willingness and desire to create joint economic and social value with the entrepreneurial redesign, systems development, and action necessary to carry it out. Accelerated organizational transformation faces a host of obstacles well-documented in the change management literature. Some people argue that media pressures the corporate managers and directors to behave in ways that are â€Å"socially ac ceptable†. Sometimes this coincides with shareholders’ value maximization, others not (Zinagales, 2002). Although there are several contested notions of what CSR should be and how it should work, there is some agreement upon what it broadly entails. A number of concepts and issues are subsumed under the heading of CSR, including human rights, environmental responsibility, diversity management, sustainability, and philanthropy (Amaeshi & Adi, 2006), meaning that it is a complex area with an interdisciplinary focus. It is generally agreed that CSR involves corporations voluntarily exceeding their legal duties to take account of social, economic and environmental impacts of their operations. Consideration of the social, economic and political context demonstrates how CSR forms part of a wider strategic direction being taken internationally with regard to market relations and the pursuit of a range of objectives and goals. The context is in part provided by concerns about the numerous examples of irresponsible behavior on the part of corporations, ranging from colluding with oppressive regimes and in the overthrowing of governments (Alston, 2005) to issues relating to working conditions and the impact of unethical marketing practices (Richter, 2001). Such examples have demonstrated the need for the worst excesses of business to be curbed. The globalised economy is understood to raise important issues for businesses and governments due to changes in patterns of production and consumption. In particular it is noted that the manufacturing of goods is â€Å"highly mobile† (Cassell, 2001:263) and that supply chains are often dispersed in various countries, creating difficulties in terms of legislation and regulation. Moreover, economic globalization presents challenges to the ability of states to protect people’s rights (Cassell, 2001). The notion of corporate social responsibility is part of the ‘third way’ (Gond & Matten, 2007), where the role of the state is now to provide â€Å"steering for the promotion of social development and social justice† (Giddens, 2001: 6). There is increased involvement of the private sector in traditionally statutory provision through privatization and public/private partnerships (Meehan, 2003). Economic policies have created a need for markets and business to self-regulate in order to continue to pursue an international free market economy, but also to ensure sustainability of economic, human and other resources, and of the environment. CSR is seen as a solution to these problems of regulation. The private sector is increasingly seen as a key player in the achievement of many national and international strategic objectives for governments, which is also enabled by CSR. Methodology To gather information, we used secondary research as our main source of information. Various academic journals and internet sources were pursued to cater to the important aspects of the given topic. Moreover, since we thoroughly researched this topic, personal opinions were formed and using those and logic, we justified our opinions accordingly. How can business persons act in an ethically and socially responsible manner and at the same time make profits? Suppose clear-cutting is profitable and legal, but is nonetheless regarded as environmentally irresponsible under prevailing social norms. Can management of a timber corporation decline to clear-cut its timberland even though that sacrifices profits? One might be tempted to evade the question by claiming that being environmentally responsible is profitable in the long run, either because it preserves the forest for future harvesting or because it maintains a public goodwill that aids future sales. But suppose, in an incautious moment, management admits that the present value of those future profits from not clear cutting cannot hope to match the large current profits that clear-cutting would produce. Or, more realistically, suppose a takeover bid by a firm known to clear-cut establishes precisely that proposition by offering far more than the stock price that reflects the current stream of profits. Can management reject the profitable takeover bid on the grounds that it will lead to socially undesirable clear-cutting? The answers to these questions will challenge the canonical law and economics account on corporate social responsibility, which goes something like this. Unless modified by statute, traditional fiduciary duties require corporate managers to further the interests of shareholders, and thus require them to maximize corporate profits subject to the obligation to comply with independent legal constraints. Ethics and social responsibility are very important values in business ventures. This is particularly essential in decision making process. Ethical conscience reminds business persons to make trustworthy and profitable business decisions. Likewise, the social responsibility component requires business persons to make entrepreneurial decisions that can enhance benefits and repelling harms to the stakeholders. The canonical law and economics view holds that corporate managers do and should have a duty to profit-maximize because such conduct is socially efficient given that general legal sanctions do or can redress any harm that corporate or non-corporate businesses inflict on others. If certain conduct imposes excessive harm on others or merits taxation, then an independent law should regulate and impose liability or taxes whether or not the actor is a corporation, and if the conduct does not impose any impermissible harm or merit taxation, then the most socially desirable thing for corporations to do is maximize profits. Other stakeholders could either legally protect themselves by contract with the corporation or have their legal protection provided by judicial gap-filling of such contracts. Part of what makes this account canonical is that it helps define the boundaries of the corporate law field. It leaves corporate law scholars free to ignore issues about any effects the corporation may have on the external world as topics best addressed by other legal fields, and to focus on more tractable models about which corporate rules would maximize shareholder value.

Media Censorship essays

Media Censorship essays Today there is much controversy over whether there should or shouldn't be censorship of the media. Censorship should not be imposed on citizens by the government or other agencies; adults have a right to view or listen to what they choose. Additionally, if children's media is censored, parents are the ones to monitor and regulate it. Parents should monitor children's viewing of television and also what they hear on the radio, CD's, and tapes. Censorship includes the examination and blocking of books, periodicals, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other communication media that is shown to, or available, to the public. Media censorship is sometimes put into place because content is immoral or obscene, heretical or blasphemous, seditious or treasonable, or injurious to the national security. It is supposedly is used for the protection of the family, the church, and the state. Additionally some religious groups, opposed to the violence shown in different types of media, say censorship works. However, still more that believe in civil rights believe that it is an unnecessary violation of the right to freedom of speech for all humans. Censorship of the media for children is necessary, but should not be handled by government or other groups. Instead it should be directed and controlled by parents with or without children. Censorship for children is necessary because the average American view's 100,000 acts of violence on TV before reaching the age of thirteen. Many of the violent acts are presented news stations which are stations parents or adults watch to find out information about weather, and road conditions, or anything that can help with daily life. If the government were to bring censorship to these stations adults would not see the news reports in their area or around the world. For this to be avoided, the government must leave censorship to parents. To facilitate parent's exercise of viewing cens...

Ethics of Death Penalty essays

Ethics of Death Penalty essays Throughout the ages, the death penalty has been used as one of the severe ways to punish or deter people from breaking all range of laws from petty theft to murder; and many times as to set forth an example of a consequence when an individual betrays communal entity such as nationality and kindred. Evidently, the capital punishment is the ultimate punishment, for the determined offender is given no opportunity of repentance or rehabilitation. Over the years in the United States, the standards for sentencing the  ¡Ã‚ °ultimate ¡ punishment has changed. The constitutionality of the death penalty is a highly controversial issue leading to seemingly circular arguments. Both the pro and the anti capital punishment viewpoints can be justified in legal scope, however the validity of the death penalty policy can be further examined. The death penalty satisfies the public ¡Ã‚ ¯s need for retribution, relieves the anguish of the victim ¡Ã‚ ¯s family, permanently removes the actual incorrigible criminal from society. The capital punishment can be justified in many ways. In 1976 the US states began creating a bifurcated(dual) trial procedure that would legally allow imposing the death sentence. The states did so in response to the 1972 (Furman vs. Georgia) supreme court decision which ruled that death penalty statutes were too vague and ambiguous, thus unconstitutional and illegal. The notion of the capital punishment dates back thousands of years back to the primal justice system. For example, many western cultures embrace the Holy Bible as their moral and ethical foundation. God set forth his words as a guide by which to live our lives. God ¡Ã‚ ¯s commandments are eternal. Even though one of the ten commandments states  ¡Ã‚ °Thou shall not kill ¡, there are many incidents in the old testament wh ere the book promotes  ¡Ã‚ °an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth ¡ principle as also set forth in the ancient book of Hamurab...

Fossil Inc. clothing and accessorys Legal Structure Essay

Fossil Inc. clothing and accessorys Legal Structure - Essay Example a  partnership  ran by two or more people.  Also, another option is an incorporated company where business activities  are incorporated  into a company, which bestows  life  on business as a separate legal person (Mancuso 4). The Fossil inc. Clothing and Accessory is a  design, development, marketing and distribution, company that focuses on consumer products predicated on fashion and  value  such as sunglasses, watches, and leather goods among others, for retail sale on an international basis. Fossil Inc. is an incorporated  business  since it  is formed  on a corporation. Incorporating a business provides a liability  protection  and  considerable  tax advantages. The business can  move  on despite the death or bankruptcy of shareholders or  management. Moreover, it offers the best  means  of  expansion  and the provision of  outside  investors. Fossil Inc.  is under the ownership  of two brothers; Tom and Kosta Kartsotis who own about 30% of Fossil stock. In 1993, the Fossil Inc. sold 20% of the company to investors, but Tom retained 40.5% control over the  company  while his brother retained 18.8% ownership. According to Richardson (1), initial public offering of  stock  (public ownership) yielded $19 million, which Fossil Inc. used half of it to reduce the company’s  debt  and the other half to be kept as working capital. Additionally, in 1993, Fossil Inc. had  several  subsidiaries in Europe, led by Fossil Europe GmbH i.e. the company’s  primary  European  operation  in Germany. Other subsidiary companies of Fossil Inc. included Fossil Italia SRL and Fossil France SARL, which served as Fossil’s marketing, as well as distribution entities in those countries.  In addition, Fossil B.V., formed in 1993, stood as a company holding for the three European subsidiaries, where Texas-based Fossil Inc. controlled 70 per cent of the newly formed European holding Company (International Directory of Company Histories 1). In 1994, Fossil Inc. was able

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep - Essay Example What it is to be human is a recurring dilemma that the characters in Do Androids Dream? try to make sense of; and through their actions and the plot itself, the author and readers also navigate this problem. Reaction to the world around them, specifically the display of empathy, is seemingly the most definitive marker of the â€Å"humanness† of human beings. However, one finds that by the end of Do Androids Dream?, this assumption has been turned around on its head and back again many times over. Rather than provide an easy template of humanity for us to accept, Dick uses this novel to instead ask the right questions. The most obvious and repeated assumption is that empathy is what differentiates humans from â€Å"andies† – i.e. androids or humanoid robots that have been created in the post-apocalyptic setting of the novel to help in the process of emigration of humans to Mars. This is reflected in the popular religion: â€Å"Mercerism†, the foundation of which lies on an empathetic worldview and the acceptance of collective experience. Even humans who are relegated to the fringes of society because of their low IQ – â€Å"chickenheads† or â€Å"antheads† – also accept this view of the world. ... Isidore’s need for companionship runs so deep that even though he recognizes that the renegade andies are exploiting him when they take cover in his apartment he lets them stay and even tries to protect them from the bounty-hunter. The androids themselves recognize this quality as that elusive human quality that they cannot achieve. Roy Baty, the leader of the rebel androids, despite his scornful demeanor reveals his longing to experience this at several times, exulting ultimately when Mercerism is declared a fraudulent belief system. Empathy-testing is also the most practical way of detecting androids and â€Å"retiring† or killing them before they can pose any harm to the humans remaining on Earth. As later revealed by Deckard’s rival bounty-hunter Philip Resche, tests other than the Voigt-Kampff Empathy Test, are not nearly as successful in identifying androids. This then is the dominant narrative: Humans empathize, androids do not. However, this statement is not as uncomplicated as it may seem. Firstly, there is the question of being able to duplicate this kind of empathy. As the testing of Rachael Rosen in the first instance proves, even Deckard, for a while, is unable to recognize Rachael as an android when he is fed the story about her having been raised on another planet and therefore being not too adept at empathizing with other humans. Deliberate manipulation of the empathy test can also be done by prevaricating, like in Luba Luft’s case. Luft, who is an android, deliberately refuses to answer questions directly to prevent the test from giving accurate results. Secondly, there is also the question of inherent anomalies in this testing system. As Deckard’s boss, Bryant, warns him at the start of his quest for the six

What is the Electoral College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is the Electoral College - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the Electoral College attempts to propose and elect districts’ representatives, states’ governors and the President and vice president of the United States of America. The Electoral College comprises of 538 electors selected from all over the states of the US. The number of electors in each state always coincides with the number of the district representatives and the two senators usually representing a state. The Electoral College was established with the sole aim of neutralizing the conflicts of interest among various states fighting to forward their particular candidate for the presidential position. The Electoral College was also established to facilitate the election of preferred candidates at each state level in order to avert .cases of corruption, bribery, and foreign influence. The Electoral College was also set to address issues of imbalance between the legislative and executive federal branches of federal governments by prohibiting Congress and employees of the federal government from voting. Furthermore, the Electoral College was designated to prevent citizens from electing sons of their regions by commissioning voting for two presidential candidates one of whom is from another state. It is worth acknowledging the significant roles played by the Electoral Colleges in the election ‘system of the US since its formation. One of the significant roles played by the Electoral College involves a contribution to the reconciliation and cohesiveness the by advocating and backing for a popularly elected candidate.